Verbs - Future [Will]

We're going to learn how to form a future tense of verbs in this lesson.

Please have a look at the table below.

Informal	will do	won't do
Written Form	할 거다	하지 않을 거다 안 할 거다
Spoken Form	할 거야	하지 않을 거야 안 할 거야

Note: The bold letters indicate which of the two alternatives in the negative form is more commonly used in each of the written and spoken forms, i.e.:

• 하지 않을 거다 is more commonly used than 안 할 거다 in written Korean.
• 안 할 거야 is more commonly used than 하지 않을 거야 in spoken Korean.

Conjugation rules

First of all, take 다 off the plain form of verbs and then:

I) Will

1. For verbs whose final character has no final consonant, attach ㄹ 거다 to them.

E.g.

• 하다 → 할 거다 = will do
• 가다 → 갈 거다 = will go
• 오다 → 올 거다 = will come
• 만나다 → 만날거다 = will meet
• 자라다 → 자랄거다 = will grow

2. For verbs whose final character has a final consonant, attach 을 거다 to them.

E.g.

• 먹다 → 먹을 거다 = will eat
• 앉다 → 앉을 거다 = will sit 
• 읽다 → 읽을 거다 = will read
• 입다 → 입을 거다 = will wear
• 잡다 → 잡을 거다 = will catch

Note: The rule 3 overrides the rule 2.


3. For verbs whose final character has ㄹ as a final consonant, just attach 거다 to them.

E.g.

• 밀다 → 밀거다 = will push
• 날다 → 날거다 = will fly
• 살다 → 살거다 = will live

Irregular form

• 듣다 → 들을 거다 = will listen

II) Won't

Simply attach 지 않을 거다 to verbs.

E.g. 

• 하다 → 하지 않을 거다 = won't do
• 가다 → 가지 않을 거다 = won't go
• 오다 → 오지 않을 거다 = won't come
• 사다 → 사지 않을 거다 = won't buy

• 먹다 → 먹지 않을 거다 = won't eat
• 입다 → 입지 않을 거다 = won't wear
• 앉다 → 앉지 않을 거다 = won't sit
• 밀다 → 밀지 않을 거다 = won't push

Example sentences

• 집에 갈 거야? = Will you go home?
• 사라는 수영 할 거야 = Sarah will swim
• 다윗은 골리앗 이길 거야 = David will beat Goliath
• 난 방에서 기타 칠 거야 = I will play the guitar in my room
• 존은 박물관에 들어갈 거야 = John will enter the museum

집 = home
존 = John
들어가다 = enter
기타 = guitar
치다 = play (the instrument)
사라 = Sarah
수영 = swim
다윗 = David
골리앗 = Goliath


Question Form

Raise the tone of your voice at the last syllable to turn it into a question form.

• 축구 할 거야? = Will you do(play) soccer?
• 벌써 갈 거야? = Will you go(leave) already? 
• 씻을 거야? = Will you wash? (Will you take a shower?/Will you take a bath?)
• 올림픽 볼 거야? = Will you watch the Olympics?

• 학교 안 갈 거야? = Won't you go to school?
• 점심 안 먹을 거야? = Won't you have lunch?
• 이 책 안 읽을 거야? = Won't you read this book?

Polite Form

Let's briefly go over the differences between the informal and polite forms again.

While the informal form in the examples above is used by people who are of the same age and/or close, or when older people are talking to younger people in informal situations, the polite form is commonly used by younger people addressing older people, and in any formal situations.

Polite Written Form	Will do	Won't do
	할 겁니다	하지 않을 겁니다 안 할 겁니다

Polite Spoken Form	Will do	Won't do
	할 거예요	하지 않을 거예요 안 할 거예요

Note: The bold letters indicate which of the two alternatives in the negative form is more commonly used in each of the written and spoken forms, i.e.:

• 하지 않을 겁니다 is more commonly used than 안 할 겁니다 in written Korean.
• 안 할 거예요 is more commonly used than 하지 않을 거예요 in spoken Korean.

Conjugations rules

I) Informal → Polite (Written)

Simply change 거다 to 겁니다.
 
E.g.

• 할 거다 → 할 겁니다 = will do
• 갈 거다 → 갈 겁니다 = will go
  
• 먹을 거다 → 먹을 겁니다 = will eat

• 마시지 않을 거다 → 마시지 않을 겁니다 = won't drink
• 달리지 않을 거다 → 달리지 않을 겁니다 = won't run

II) Informal → Polite (Spoken)

Simply change 야 to 예요.

E.g.

• 할 거야 → 할 거예요 = will do 
• 올 거야 → 올 거예요 = will come
• 들어갈 거야 → 들어갈 거예요 = will enter (go in)

• 안 볼 거야 → 안 볼 거예요 = won't see/watch
• 안 달릴 거야 → 안 달릴 거예요 = won't run

Example sentences
 

• 집에 갈 거예요? = Will you go home?
• 사라는 수영 할 거예요. = Sarah will swim.
• 다윗은 골리앗 이길 거예요. = David will beat Goliath.
• 존은 박물관에 들어갈 거예요. = John will enter the museum. 
• 저는 거실에서 기타 칠 거예요. = I will play the guitar in the living room.

• 씻을 거예요? = Will you wash? (Will you take a shower?/Will you take a bath?)
• 벌써 갈 거예요? = Will you go(leave) already? 
• 축구 할 거예요? = Will you do(play) soccer?
• 월드컵 볼 거예요? = Will you watch the World Cup? 

• 학교 안 갈 거예요? = Won't you go to school?
• 점심 안 먹을 거예요? = Won't you have lunch?
• 이 책 안 읽을 거예요? = Won't you read this book?