Have to - 해야 한다
Informal form
Informal | Have to | Had to |
Written | 해야 한다 해야 된다 | 해야 했다 해야 됐다 |
Spoken | 해야 해 해야 돼 | 해야 했어 해야 됐어 |
Informal | Don't have to | Didn't have to |
Written | 하지 않아도 된다 | 하지 않아도 됐다 |
Spoken | 하지 않아도 돼 안해도 돼 | 하지 않아도 됐어 안해도 됐어 |
Note: The words in bold are the more commonly used alternative of the two in each box.
Rules
1. Attach 야 한다/야 된다/야 돼/야 됐어 etc. to the informal spoken form of verbs. Verbs - Present, Past
- 해 → 해야 한다 = have to do
- 가 → 가야 한다 = have to go
- 와 → 와야 한다 = have to come
- 봐 → 봐야 한다 = have to see
- 먹어 → 먹어야 한다 = have to eat
- 마셔 → 마셔야 한다 = have to drink
- 하다 → 하지 않아도 된다 = don't have to do
- 가다 → 가지 않아도 된다 = don't have to go
- 오다 → 오지 않아도 된다 = don't have to come
- 보다 → 보지 않아도 된다 = don't have to see
- 먹다 → 먹지 않아도 된다 = don't have to eat
- 마시다 → 마시지 않아도 된다 = don't have to drink
- 안해도 돼 = don't have to do
- 안가도 돼 = don't have to go
- 안와도 돼 = don't have to come
- 안봐도 돼 = don't have to see
- 안먹어도 돼 = don't have to eat
- 안마셔도 돼 = don't have to drink
Example sentences
Written Form
- 성민은 오늘 서울에 가야 한다. = Seong-min has to go to Seoul today.
- 민주는 내일 학교에 가지 않아도 된다. = Min-ju doesn't have to go to school tomorrow.
- 애쉴리는 병때문에 작년 매일 약을 먹어야 했다 = Because of her sickness, Ashley had to take (lit. eat) medicine everyday last year.
- 이번 주 목요일까지 과학 과제 끝내야 돼 = I have to finish the science assignment by this Thursday.
- 애쉴리는 이제 다 나아서 병원에 안가도 돼 = Because Ashley has been healed now, she doesn't have go to the hospital.
- 고추가 너무 매우면 안먹어도 돼 = If the chillies are too spicy, you don't have to eat them.
Formal form
Formal | Have to | Had to |
Written | 해야 합니다 해야 됩니다 | 해야 했습니다 해야 됐습니다 |
Spoken | 해야 해요 해야 돼요 | 해야 했어요 해야 됐어요 |
Formal | Don't have to | Didn't have to |
Written | 하지 않아도 됩니다 안해도 됩니다 | 하지 않아도 됐습니다 안해도 됐습니다. |
Spoken | 하지 않아도 돼요 안해도 돼요 | 하지 않아도 됐어요 안해도 됐어요 |
Note: The rules for the conjugation are the same as above.
Example sentences
Written Form
- 성민은 오늘 서울에 가야 합니다. = Seong-min has to go to Seoul today.
- 민주는 내일 학교에 가지 않아도 됩니다. = Min-ju doesn't have to go to school tomorrow.
- 애쉴리는 병때문에 작년 매일 약을 먹어야 했습니다 = Because of her sickness, Ashley had to take (lit. eat) medicine everyday last year.
- 이번 주 목요일까지 과학 과제 끝내야 돼요 = I have to finish the science assignment by this Thursday.
- 애쉴리는 이제 다 나아서 병원에 안가도 돼요 = Because Ashley has been healed now, she doesn't have go to the hospital.
- 고추가 너무 매우면 안먹어도 돼요 = If the chillies are too spicy, you don't have to eat them.
해야 돼어요 is listed under "Had to" Formal from. is there no ㅆ?
ReplyDeleteWell spotted, thanks for the correction. :)
ReplyDeleteI think the past tense in the tables got some thing wrong.됐었어요 and 됐었습니다 should be without 었, right?
ReplyDeleteYes, corrected!
ReplyDeleteIt should be "Because Ashley is feeling better, she doesn't have to go to the hospital" not "Because Ashley has been healed now, she doesn't have go to the hospital." (You don't need to say 'now' because when you say you are feeling better there is an implied 'now' because you were feeling worse before.)
ReplyDeleteI see what you mean. Although your translation is a paraphrase and doesn't quite mean what it's saying in Korean.
ReplyDeleteMy translation is literal so 이제 다 나아서 literally means "now healed/cured (completely)"
이제 = now
다 = all, completely
낫다 = be healed/cured
For "I'm feeling better," I'd say "(좀/많이) 좋아졌어."
hi luke, why is it 나아서 instead of 낫아서?
ReplyDelete감사합니다! :)
The present tense of 낫다 in spoken Korean is 나아. And 서 is attached 나아 to become 나아서.
DeleteOther examples would be like:
가다 → 가 → 가서 (because (I/he/she/they) go(es))
오다 → 와 → 와서 (because (I/he/she/they) come(s))
사다 → 사 → 사서 (because (I/he/she/they) buy(s))
낫다 → 나아 → 나아서 (because (I/he/she/they) am/is/are cured)
your book is amazing. think you
ReplyDelete